Constipation in Cats

Cats are creatures of routine, especially when it comes to using the litter box. When your cat experiences difficulty or discomfort while passing stool, it’s not just an unpleasant experience for them; it’s a sign that something may be off. At Caring Hearts Animal Hospital, we’re here to help determine what might be causing your cat’s constipation, as well as help you recognize the signs of constipation, and what steps to take next. If you’re worried about your cat’s health, please call us at 704-893-2799 or request an appointment online.

 

 

What Causes Constipation in Cats?

While occasional constipation is usually not a cause for concern, frequent episodes may point to something more serious.

Dehydration

Cats may not always drink enough water, particularly if they are on a dry food diet. Without adequate hydration, the stool becomes dry and hard, making it difficult for your cat to pass. Dehydration can occur for several reasons, including not drinking enough water, underlying kidney issues, or a hot environment.

Dietary Issues

A diet low in fiber can lead to constipation. Cats that consume a diet high in dry food and low in moisture-rich foods are more prone to developing constipation. Additionally, sudden changes in diet or consuming foods that are not suitable for cats can lead to gastrointestinal disturbances, including constipation.

Lack of Exercise

Cats, especially those who live indoors, may not get enough physical activity. A sedentary lifestyle can slow down the digestive system, leading to constipation. Encouraging regular playtime and activities that stimulate movement can help keep your cat’s digestive system functioning properly.

Obstruction or Blockage

In some cases, constipation in cats can be caused by an obstruction in the intestines. This can be due to the ingestion of foreign objects, hairballs, or even tumors. Obstructions can be serious and require immediate veterinary attention.

Underlying Medical Conditions

Certain medical conditions, such as megacolon, which is an enlargement of the colon, or neurological disorders, can lead to chronic constipation in cats. Conditions like arthritis can also make it difficult for a cat to squat properly, leading to discomfort and reluctance to use the litter box.

What Are Some Symptoms of Constipation in Cats?

Cats are masters at hiding discomfort, so be observant of their behavior and any changes in their routine. Here are notable symptoms of constipation in cats:

• Straining in the litterbox
• Small, dry, or hard stools
• Loss of appetite
• Bloating or sensitivity to touch
• Behavioral changes such as sociable cats becoming withdrawn or unusual behaviors like yowling or hiding

When Should You Seek Veterinary Care for Your Cat’s Constipation?

While mild cases of constipation can sometimes be resolved with diet and lifestyle adjustments, chronic or severe constipation can lead to more serious health issues if left untreated. There are a few scenarios that indicate professional veterinary care may be necessary:

Persistent Symptoms

If your cat’s constipation persists for more than a couple of days, or if they are frequently experiencing constipation, it’s time to consult with a veterinarian. Chronic constipation can lead to a condition called obstipation, where the colon becomes so full of stool that the cat is unable to defecate at all, requiring immediate medical attention.

Signs of Pain or Distress

If your cat is showing signs of severe pain, such as vocalizing when trying to defecate, refusing to eat, or becoming lethargic, this is a clear indication that you should seek veterinary care. These symptoms can indicate a serious underlying issue, such as an obstruction, that needs to be addressed promptly.

Presence of Blood in Stool

If you notice blood in your cat’s stool, this is a sign that there may be a more serious problem, such as a tear in the colon or an infection. This situation requires immediate veterinary attention to prevent further complications.

Addressing Constipation in Cats

Treatment for constipation in cats varies depending on the severity and underlying cause. Your veterinarian will recommend the best course of action based on their findings.

Dietary Adjustments

Increasing the fiber content in your cat’s diet can help to bulk up and soften the stool, making it easier to pass. Your veterinarian may recommend switching to a high-fiber cat food or adding fiber supplements to your cat’s meals.

Hydration

Ensuring that your cat stays well-hydrated is crucial for preventing and treating constipation. Your vet may recommend encouraging your cat to drink more water to help keep their stool soft. They might also suggest increasing their fluid intake by offering wet cat food or adding water to their dry food.

Medication

In some cases, your veterinarian may prescribe medications to help relieve constipation. Laxatives, stool softeners, or prokinetic agents, which help stimulate the muscles of the intestines, may be used to treat constipation in cats. However, these should only be used under the guidance of your veterinarian, as improper use can lead to other health issues.

Managing Underlying Conditions

If an underlying medical condition is causing your cat’s constipation, treating that condition will take priority. This may involve long-term management strategies, such as medications for arthritis or treatment for megacolon. Your veterinarian will develop a treatment plan tailored to your cat’s specific needs.

How to Prevent Constipation in Cats

Preventing constipation in cats is much easier than dealing with its effects. Here’s how you can help your cat maintain regular bowel movements and avoid discomfort.

• Ensure Proper Hydration: Offer fresh water daily and consider providing multiple water sources around your home. Some cats prefer running water, so a cat water fountain can encourage them to drink more. Incorporating wet cat food into your cat’s diet can also increase their fluid intake.
• Provide a Balanced Diet: Talk to your veterinarian about the best diet for your cat’s specific needs. This might include a combination of high-quality dry and wet foods or a specialized diet designed to promote digestive health. Avoid sudden changes to your cat’s diet, as this can lead to gastrointestinal upset.
• Encourage Regular Exercise: Physical activity stimulates your cat’s digestive system, helping to keep things moving smoothly. Regular playtime, whether with interactive toys or simply encouraging your cat to explore their environment, can prevent the sedentary lifestyle that often contributes to constipation. Aim to engage your cat in active play sessions multiple times a day.
• Regular Grooming: Brushing your cat frequently can reduce the amount of hair they ingest, which in turn reduces the likelihood of hairball-related constipation. Consider using a specialized grooming tool or scheduling regular professional grooming sessions.
• Monitor Litter Box Habits: Regularly clean the litter box and take note of any changes in the frequency, consistency, or appearance of your cat’s stool. If you notice any signs of constipation, it’s best to consult with your veterinarian before the condition worsens.
• Reduce Stress: Cats are sensitive creatures, and stress can negatively impact their digestive system, leading to constipation. Create a calm and stable environment for your cat, with plenty of safe spaces for them to retreat to if they feel anxious. Maintaining a consistent routine with feeding, playtime, and rest can also help reduce stress.

Constipation in cats can often be managed with a combination of diet, lifestyle changes, and veterinary care. Regular monitoring of your cat’s litter box habits, along with routine check-ups, can help catch any issues early. At Caring Hearts Animal Hospital, our team can help treat your cat’s constipation and relieve any discomfort your feline is experiencing. If you notice any signs of constipation in your cat or have concerns about their digestive health, give us a call at 704-893-2799 or request an appointment online today.